Risk factors and risk assessment of ASCVD in occupational population in Xi'an / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk and blood lipid level of occupational population in Xi'an and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.Methods:Data of employees who came from 35 organizations and underwent physical examination in Xi'an city from March to December 2019 in Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital were collected through cross-sectional investigation to evaluate ASCVD risk factors and compare their blood lipid level.Results:⑴ There were 8 806 subjects, including 7 104 males and 1 702 females. The highest risk factor exposure rates were overweight/obesity and smoking, accounting for 56.0% and 54.1%, respectively. The proportion of dyslipidemia was triglycerides (TG) (42.8%), total cholesterol (TC) (29.0%), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (16.2%) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (16.1%). ⑵ According to the ASCVD risk assessment, the proportion of low risk, median risk and high risk were 77.7%, 12.9% and 9.4%, respectively. ASCVD risk was higher in men than in women, and the age ≥40 years group was higher than that of the age < 40 years group (all P<0.05). There were 530 cases taken risk assessment for rest of life, among which 283 cases were at high risk, accounting for 53.4%. ⑶ The average LDL value was (2.69±0.74)mmol/L, with a compliance rate of 78.4%. The average non-HDL value was (3.50±0.92)mmol/L, and the compliance rate was 70.1%. There was no significant difference in LDL and non-HDL compliance rates not only between the ASCVD risk groups, but also between the high-risk group and the non-high-risk group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The occupational population in Xi'an has a large proportion of exposure to ASCVD risk factors, about 1/4 of which are ASCVD high-risk, and a better lipid control is expected to reduce the 10-year risk of ASCVD incidence.

Intervention and therapeutic effect of siRNA-HDAC5 on abnormal histone modification in non-obese diabetic mice / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate therapeutic eff ect of siRNA-HDAC5 on non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice by using small interference RNA (siRNA) technique to knock down the expression of HDAC5 in spleen CD4+ T cells.@*METHODS@#NOD mice, 12-weeks old, were randomly divided into 3 groups and were given normal saline, siRNA-Control or siRNA-HDAC5 through caudal vein injection. The spleens and other samples were collected at the 18th, 24th or 30th week. The blood glucose was tested by blood glucose meter. The urinary albumin and serum levels of IL-1, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-α were detected by ELISA. The mRNA levels of CD11a, CCR5, and CX3CR1 in spleen CD4+ T cells were measured by quantitative Real-time PCR. The HDAC5 protein level in spleen CD4+ T cell was detected by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, the siRNA-HDAC5 group showed a significant decrease in blood glucose, urine albumin excretion rate, serum cytokine and the mRNA levels of CD11a, CCR5, and CX3CR1, consist with the decrease in protein level of HDAC5.@*CONCLUSION@#Inhibition of HDAC5 expression in NOD mice could effectively alleviate the onset and development of kidney damage caused by diabetes.

Metformin and rosiglitazone maleate tablets ameliorate insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism in obese and nonobese women with polycystic ovarian syndrome / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects of metformin hydrochloride and rosiglitazone maleate tablets on insulin resistance and androgen concentration in obese and nonobese women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).Methods Seventy women with PCOS were enrolled into this study according to the diagnostic criteria of Rotterdam conference (2003).The women with PCOS were divided into the over weight/obese group (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2,n =34) and the nonobese group (body mass index＜25 kg/m2,n =36).All women with PCOS took metformin hydrochloride and rosiglitazone maleate tablets twice daily for 3 months.The following indexes were measured before and after the treatment:height,weight,waist circumference,hip circumference,fasting plasma glucose,fasting plasma insulin,luteinizing hormone (LH),follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),total testosterone,free testosterone,follicular number and ovarian area,body mass index,waist to hip ratio,and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were calculated.Results (1) Compared with the nonobese group,dramatic increases in HOMA-IR and follicle number were observed in over weight/obese group(P＜0.05),while LH,LH/FSH,total testosterone,free testosterone showed no significant difference between two groups.(2) After the treatment with metformin hydrochloride and rosiglitazone maleate tablets,weight,body mass index,fasting plasma glucose,fasting plasma insulin,HOMA-IR significantly decreased in two groups (P ＜ 0.05).There were also significant declines of LH,LH/FSH,free testosterone,ovarian area,follicular number,especially in the over weight/ obese women with PCOS (P＜0.05),while total testosterone and FSH did not change significantly.(3) The incidence of gastrointestinal adverse reactions in nonobese and over weight/obese group was 9.3％ and 6.3％ respectively,and no liver toxicity,edema,hypoglycemia and other adverse reactions was observed during treatment.Conclusion Compared with the nonobese group,there were severer insulin resistance and more marked polycystic change of ovary in over weight/obese women with PCOS,while total testosterone and free testosterone showed no significant difference between two gruops.Metformin hydrochloride and rosiglitazone maleate tablets can ameliorate insulin resistance and polycystic ovary,and also reduce body mass index and free testosterone in women with PCOS particularly in the over weight/obese individuals.